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Lord treat the church as a democracy; that the idea 
of a democracy is entirely absent in the writings of 
the apostles concerning the church; that there is no 
intimation that there is a confederacy or unity exist- 
ing in the congregations, such as exists amongst the 
states of America, it must be concluded that the Hier- 
archy form of government, so seductive to many minds, 
is clearly a product of the Devil; also that the demo- 
cratic form of government is contrary to the Word 
of God. Such was the ease with the priest-ridden Jeru- 
salem, as shown by the prophecy of Jeremiah, when 
the self-constituted elect class, the clergy, ruled con- 
trary to the will of God. Likewise ‘‘the Roman Cath- 
olic Hierarchy of authority’’, and similar ‘authori- 
tative’ governments and religious organizations, are 
clearly of the Devil, instituted and practiced for the 
purpose of turning men away from God and his King, 
and bringing them under the control of the representa- 
tives of the Devil. Therefore the faithful apostles of 
the Lord Jesus Christ could not have started an or- 
ganization which for its method of operation is a gov- 
ernment by democratic methods or a rule by ‘‘orders’’ 
of priests or hierarchy. The rule of Jehovah God, both 
that with his typical people Israel and that of his 
people taken out for his name, is purely a theocratic 
rule. God’s kingdom or organization is a pure thcoc- 
racy, not subject to the whims or rules of any creature. 
15 Smarting under the tyrannical rule by the clergy 
and Hierarchy, sincere men turned to the democratic 
government of religious organizations with a hope of 
a better condition, and that method has for years been 
followed in religious organizations. But is such in 
harmony with the Scriptures? The fact that such a 
method was adopted in the congregations of those who 
claimed to serve the Lord is no proof that it is right. 
During the Elijah period of the church sincere fol- 
lowers of Christ Jesus left the Babylonish organiza- 
tion and they came out with spots on their garments, 
which they had received by reason of associating with 
that devilish organization. Within the period known 
as ‘‘the Elijah time of the church”’ elders and deacons 
in the congregations were selected by a vote of the 
members expressed by the stretching forth of the hand. 
Whether this was proper or not, at least the Lord 
permitted it or did not interfere. The intention or 
purpose of the Christians who adopted and followed 
this method was, no doubt, good, but that would not 
make it Seriptural. The authority for such action or 
voting, it was claimed, was found in Acts 14: 23. Bar- 
nabas was associated with Paul in the work of preach- 
ing the gospel and setting matters aright in the con- 
gregations. Having this in mind, which is shown in 
this same chapter, note the words of Acts 14:23; 
**And when they [Paul together with Barnabas, and 
not the congregation] had ordained [(Greek) cheiro- 
toneo] them [that is, in the respective congregations] 
elders in every church, and had prayed with fasting, 
they [Paul and Barnabas, the apostles, and not the 
fhe WATCHTOWER. 
Brooguyn, N. Y. 
company] commended them [the ones chosen] to the 
Lord, on whom they believed.’’ 
16 In the same manner Paul commended the elders 
of Ephesus to God. (Acts 20:32) The Greek word 
cheirotoneo is, in the foregoing text at Acts 14: 23, 
rendered ‘‘ordained’’; but ‘‘ordain’’ or ‘‘ordained’’ 
is a wrong word, as will be observed by the examina- 
tion of subsequent scriptures herein cited. The Greek 
word cheirotonein means ‘‘to extend or stretch forth 
the hand’’. But the question is: Was the stretching 
forth of the hand the act performed by the apostles 
or by the congregation? Was the stretching forth of 
the hand a sign or means of voting? Manifestly it 
was the apostles who stretched forth the hand, not 
as a means or sign of voting, but as an act of confirm- 
ing those men chosen for the office of service. The 
Greek word cheirotones, rendered ‘‘ordained’’ at Acts 
14:23, in fact means chosen. This is shown by the 
text at 2 Corinthians 8:18,19, wherein that same 
Greek word is rendered ‘‘chosen’’, This latter text, 
however, does not show that the men were chosen by 
the company or congregation, but by those upon whom 
the apostles had previously conferred authority by 
stretching forth of their hands as at Acts 14: 23. 
17 The selection of officers or servants by the demo- 
cratic method of voting by the congregation ignores 
the command concerning ‘‘the Higher Powers’’. (Rom. 
13:1) Only the Almighty God and Christ Jesus con- 
stitute the higher powers, and the apostle Paul was 
a special representative of such higher powers, and 
Paul, acting by virtue of the authority conferred upon 
him, designated others to represent the higher powers. 
The stretching forth of the hand was an act of con- 
firmation by the apostles. The following texts support 
that conclusion: In the sixth chapter of the Acts of 
the Apostles it is seen that the apostles instructed 
the brethren to ‘look out’ or nominate certain men 
to perform certain duties of service, and to bring these 
before or to the attention of the apostles; and con- 
cerning these men it is written: ‘‘Whom they sect be- 
fore the apostles, and when they [the apostles] had 
prayed, they [the apostles] laid their hands on them.’’ 
Thus the congregation or company recognized the 
Higher Powers acting through the apostles, and the 
apostles, after praying to the Higher Powers, laid 
their hands on these men, thus confirming their se- 
lection. Clearly therefore it was the apostles who 
stretched forth or put forth their hands. The fol- 
lowing texts show that it was the apostles who 
stretched forth the hand: ‘‘Then laid they their 
hands on them, and they received the holy [spirit].”’ 
(Acts 8:17,18) ‘‘When they heard this, they were 
baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when 
Paul had laid his hands upon them, the holy [spirit] 
came on them; and they spake with tongues, and 
prophesied.’’ (Acts 19:5,6) ‘‘Neglect not the gift 
that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, 
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